1 ??????????? ????

(1) ??????????? ??????? ????? ??? ????????? ???? ?????? ??, ? ??????? ????????? ?? ?????????? ???? ?? ????????? ???????? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ?????????? ???????? ????? ? ???? ??????-?????? ? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????

??????? ?????????: ????????? ???? ???? ?? ???????? ????????? ? ?????? ??????? ????? ????????; ???? ?? ???????? ????????? ?????????; ??????? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ??????????

(2) ?????-??????????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ????? trirro-??????????? ????? ?????? ? ?? ??? ???? ????? ?? ???? ???????? ?? stone ??? ?? ??????????? ?????????? ??? ???? ? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????? ? ????????????????? ?? ?????? ???????? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????: ???????? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ? ????? ???? ??? ??????????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ?????, ?? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????????? ??? ?????? ???????????

()) ?????? (????????) ??????????? ?????? ???? (???? ???????? ?????? (???????) ??? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????, ? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ???????? ??? ???? ? ??? ????????? ?????? ?? ????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ? ???? ing ???? ????? ???? ????????????? ?, ???? ???????, ? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ???????: ?? ???? ?????? ????????? ??? ?????? ? ???? ??, ?? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ???

2 ???? ?????? ????

(1) ??? ?????? ??? ???????????? ???? ??? ?????, ??????? ?????? ???? (??????, ???????, ????, ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???? ????? ????????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ? ????????? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ?, ??? ??????? ? ??? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????????? ? ?????? ?????????: a? ??????????? ??? ?????????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ?? ???? ?????????; b ???? ??????? ??? ?????, ?? ???? ???? ? ?????????? ???????? ?????? ???? ??????, ? ????-??? ?????? ???? ?????? ????????? ??????? ?? ???????? ?????? ???? ??????; c ????? ????? ????? ????? ?? ?????????? ???? ?????????, ? ?? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ??????????; d ??????????? ????? ?????? ??? ??????????? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ???? ???????

(2) ??????? ???????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????????? ????? ???????, ?????????? ??????? ? ?????? ???? ??????? ?? ?? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??????????? ????????? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ? ???? ??????? ?, ????????? ?????? ???? ?? ????????????? ???????, ???????? ?????? ?? ??????????? ??????? ???????? ??? ?????? ???? ??????, ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ??????????? ?? ?? ?? ??????? ???????? ????? ???? ??????? ??????? ????????: ????? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????????, ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????????? ????????? ??????? 2-3 ???? ?????????, ??? ????? ????????? ??? ??????? ??????, ??? ????? ????????? 2-3 ????? ?????????? ?? ??????? ???? ?????, ?? ??????? ????????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????; ??????? ??????, ???????? ??????, ???????? ?????, ????? ?????, ?????? ????????, ???; ?????????? ???, ???????? ???????????? ? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ????? ????? ?????

()) ???? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ? ??????? ?????? ????-??? ???? ????? ????, ???? ????? ???????? ???? ???????? ?? ???????? ??-??????? ??????? ?? ???? ? ?????????? ?????? ????-????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????????: ?????????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ?????????, ????? ?????? ????????? ?? ????? ????????; ?? ???? ?? ?????? ????, ???????, ????? ? ?????? ??????, ?? ???????????????? ??????? ???? ????? ???????

()) ?????????????????? ????: ???? ?????? ????????????? ???????? ????????? ? ????????? ????? ??? ?????????? ????????? ????? ?????????? ?????? ????? ????????, ?????? ???? ?????????? ??????????????? ???????? ??????? ?? ????? ????????? ? ???????????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ?????????, ???? ??????? ???? ?? ? ? ?????? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ??????, ?? ?????? ? ? ?????? ?????? ?, ? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ??????????????????? ???? ??? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ???????????? ??? ?????? ???? ???????

?

1 ??? ????????? ???? ???????? ?????, ?? ????? ???????? ???????, ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ??????? ???? ?, ??????? ????? ????? ????? ???? ? ??????? ??????? ???? ???????

2 ???? ?????? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? ???????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ???? ??????? ??: ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ???? ??? ??????, ? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ???????? ?? ????????? ????? ????????: ??????? ????? ???, ??????? ?????, ?? ????? ? ???? ???? ? ????? ???? ? ??? ??????? ?????? ???? ???????? ??????; ???? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ?????????; ????????? ?????? ???? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ????????? ???????????; ???? ??????? ???????? ????????? ????? ????; ????? ????? ? ??? ???? ?? ???? ???? ??? ?????; ???? ????????? ?????, ???? ????? ?????, ????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ????; ???? ?????, ???? ?????? ????? ??????????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? 1 ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????????????

? ?? ???? ????? ?? ???? ???????? ????????? ????? ?????? ???? ?, ???? ???? ?????? ????? ??????, ? ???????? ???? ????????? ????????? ?????? ?? ?????????? ???????? ?????? ?, ? ?????? ?? ?????, ???? ????????? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ? ????????? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ????????? ??????????? ?: 1) ?????? ????; 2) ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ??????????; )) ?????? ????????????????? ?????????? ?????????????; )) ???? ? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ?????????; )) ????? ????? ????; )) ???? ? Lottextle; )) ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ????????? ? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ??????????, ????-????? ?????? ??????????? ???, ?? ??????? ??????? 400m2 ????? ????? ????????? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ? ???? ?????? ? ????? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?? ?? ???? ?? ?? ???? ?? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?? ?????

?? ?????????? ?????? ????

1 ?? ????? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ??: ????? ?????? ?????? ? ??? ???? ???? ??????????? ?????????? ??????? ????, ?????? ????? ?? ???????? ????? ???????? ???? ??????, ???? ??????? ?????? ??????

??????? ?????????: (1) ??????? ???? ? ??? ???????? ???????? ?????????; (2) ??????? ???? ??????? ? ? ????????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?; ()) ????????? ???? ????????? ? ?????? ??????? ???????? ????? ???????? ?????????? ????? ????????, ?? ???? ?? ??????? ????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ??? 1 ???? 2 ??? 2 ???? 2 ??? ??????????????? ??????? ?????? ?? ()) ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ???????????? ??????? ???????????? ?????????? ???? ? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ??????????????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ????????? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ???????, ? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ()) ??????? ?????? ????? ?????????? ? ???????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ?????????? ???????? ??? ??????? ????? ??????, ? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????????? ()) ??? ?????? ??????????? ??????, ??? ?????? ???????? ????? ????????????? ??????????? ???? ??????????, ??? ? ????? ???????? ??? ??????? ??????? ????????????? ??-????-???? ????????? ????????? ????????? ??????????? ()) ?????? ????? ???? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ???? ? ??????? ?????????? ???? tank ???? ????????? ???? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ???? tank ???? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ? ?????-????????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ????????? ???? tank ???? ??????? ????????? ????? ?????? ???? ???: ????? ???? ??????? ()) ??????, ????? ??????? 1 ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ??????????, ?? ???????? (???-???-?????????), ? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ? ?????????? ???? ?????

2 ????-?????? ?????????? (????? ???????, ????? ????, ?? ?????, ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????????, ?????? ??? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????????? ??? ???????? ??????????

Ram? ??????? ???? ??????? (???? ??????? ???????) ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?????? (???? ?? stone ????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ?????

?? ????? ????

1 ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ???? (????-???? ????? ??? ????) ?????????? ????????? ????????? ??????????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????, ??????? ?????? ? ????? ??????????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???, ?? ?? ??????? ?????? (??????) ???? ????, ??? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ?? ?? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ???????-??? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ???????

2 ????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ???????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ? ??????????? (?? ???? ?????) ?? ????? (?? lime ?????) ?? ??? ?? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ? ?????? ??? ?? ??????? (??????) ???? ?? ????? ??????? ???? (?????????) ?? ????? ? ???????? ?????? ?? ?? ???????? ?? ?? ???????? ?? ?? ???????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ???????? ?????? ?????, ?? ?????? ? ?????? ??????????? ??????? ?????? ??????? (?????????) ? ????? ??????? ????? ? ??????????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????????: ① ?????? ② ????? ??????? ③ ???????? ? ??????, ?????? ???????? ⑦ ???????? ? ???????? 1 ???? / ???????? ?? ??? ????????????? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ? ?????????? ??????? ????????, ? ????? ??????? ????????? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????????? ???? ??????????
? ????????? ????

(1) ??????????????? ??????????????? ???????? ???????????? ????????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????????, ???????? ????????, ???????? ???, ??? ???????????? ??????? ???????? ??????????, ??? ????? ???????, ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ???????????????, ??????? ???????????????, ????? ??????????????????? ? ???????? ???????? ?????????????? ?????? ???? ???????

(2) ????? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ? nails ????????, ?????? ???????? ????? ?????? ???????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????, ?????? ?????????, ? ????? ????????? ?????????? ?????? ? naill ???? ???????? ?????? ??? ????????? ? ???? ???????? ???????? ???? ??????? ?????????? ????? ????? ?????????? ?? ?????, ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ???????? ???? ???????? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ???????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ?????????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ?????, ??????? ????? ????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ? nails ??? ?????????? ??? ???????? ???? ??????? ??? ? ??????? ?????, ?????? ????, ? ?????????????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ????????? ????? ?????? ?????????

()) ?????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????? ? ? ?????? ????? ???????? ? ????????? ?????????? ???????? ? ????? ????? ?? ????? ????????? ?????? ????? ??? ????????? ?? ?????? ????????? ??? ??????????, ???????, ???, ? ?????? ?????????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???, ???? ????? ?????? ? ???? ?????????? ?????????? ???????? ?????? ??????, ????? ?????? ????? ???????; ??????????? Alloss, ???????? ???????, ???
?? Grouting ????

?????? ????, ???????????? ???? ?? ?????????????????? ???????????? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??????? (??? ? ?? ????? ?????? Grautinging ????? ??????? ????????, ??????? ???????, ???? ??????? ?????, ??????? ????? ? ??????????, ????????, ?????????? ? ?????????? ???????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????????, ?????? ??????? ??????? ???? ??????, ??????? ????????, ?????? ? ???????????? ?????????? Grouting ?????? ???? ?????????, ???????, ??? ? ??? ? ??????? ???????????? ???????????? ??????????? ?? ??????? ???????? ??????

But? ???? ????? ???? ? ????????? ?????????

1 ??? ???? ??? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ??????, ??? ????? ???? ?????? ????????? ?? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ? ???????? ???? ?? ??????? ????? ????? ?????????????, ?????? ???????????, ? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ????????? ???? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ? ????? ???? ??? The physical and mechanical properties of soft soil include the following aspects: (1) Physical properties The clay content is high, and the plasticity index Ip is generally greater than 17, which is a clay soil. ??? ???? ?????? ???? ????, ???? ????, ???? ???? ?, ????? ??????, ??????????% 0% ????? ??? ??? ????? ???????? ??????? ?????????? 1.0-2.0 ?, ??? ????? 1.0-11.5 ?? ????? ???? ??????, ? 1 1.5 ????? ???? ? char ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ???????, ???? ???? ??????? ? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ???????? ??????? ??? ????????? ?????????? ???????? - ?? ?????, ???? ???????????, ?? ????????? ? ???? ???????????? (2) ???????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?? ?, ? ????????? ????? ?????????? ???? 500 ?? ??????? ????? ?????, ? ???? 20 ????? ????? ??????? ???? ????, ????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ??????????? ?, ??? ?? ???????????? ???? ? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ?????????? ?? ????????? ?????? 0.5 MPA-1 ????? ???? ?, ? ?????? 45 45 MPA-1 ????? ??????? ????????? ??????????? 0.350.750.7575 ??? ??????? ???????????, ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ?????????? ????, ?? ?????? ???? ??????? ??, ????? ??? ?????? ???? ?????, ???????? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ???????????? ??????? ??, ??? ?????????? 10--5-10-8 ???? / s ??? ?????? ??? ??????????? ?????? ???? ? ???, ????? ?? ????? ???? ? ???, ?????????? ???? ???????? ?????, ? ????? ????? ?? ?? ??????? ?? ???????????? ???? ?? ??? ???????? ????? ???? ???? ? ????? ????????? ?????????????? ????????? ?????? ()) ???????????? ?????????? ???? ???? ????????? ?? ??? ?????? ? ???? ????? ?????? ?????; ??? ????? ? ???? ???? ????? ?????; ?????? ?? ???? ? ? ??????? ??? ???? ?; ???? ?? ?????????????, ?????????? ? ???? ????????????? ?????????? ???? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ?????????? ????, ??????????? ????, ?????? ????, ?????? ????, ?????? ???? ?????? ??????

2. ????? ????? ????? ?????????, ????? ????? ????????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ? ???????? ? ???? ???????????? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ?? ????????? ???? ? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ?? ????? ??????? ?????: ??? ????????? ??????? ???????: ??????? ????? ????, ????? ????? ???? ? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ????? ???? ? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ???????, ????????? ??????? ? ?????? ????????? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ?????????? ????????? ????, ???? ??????, ????????? ????? ? ???? ???????? ????? ?????, ??? ???? ???????????????? ? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????????, ??? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ?, ? ?????????? ????????? ???????? ??????

?? ????????? ???? ????????? ???? ???? ?????????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ????????? ????????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ? ??????? ??????????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????-??????? ???? (????? ????) ??? ??????? ????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ???????? ????????? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ???????????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????????????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ??????????? ?????????? ?????????? ?????????? ????????? ???? (1) ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ???????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????, ???? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ???????, ????? ?????? ????? ???? ???????? ??? ??? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?? (2) ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????????? ???? ?????, ?????????? ??? ???? ????? ???? ?????, ? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ???, ??? ?????: ????????? ????????? ??? ??????? ?????, ? ???? ??????? ????????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ??? ???????? ??????? ? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ?????, ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ()) ????? ?????? ??????????? ?????????? ????? ???? ?? ? ? ??????????? ?????????? ???? ?? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ??????????? ??????? ?? ??????????? ???? ???????? ??????? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ???? ???????????? ?????? ???? ??????, ???????, ?????? ??????? ??????? ? ????????? ??? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ??????

In? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?????: ????? ??? ???????? ???? ????? ?????? ????????, ?? ????? ??? (??????, ????????? ?????, ???) ??, ????????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ???????? ???????? ????? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ???????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ????????? ??? ? ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ????? ???????? ?????? ?????, ???? ?????? ?????? ????????? ???? ??????? ????? ? ?????????? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????????? ?????????? ????? ???? ?????????? ????? ?? ? ?????? ??? ???????? ??? ???????? ??????????? ??????? ???? ??? ???? ????? ????????? ??????? ????, ???????? ????, ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????

Such ????? seld ?????? ???? ????-??? ???? ? ?? ?????? ????-????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ???? ??????? ?????? ???????? ???? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ????????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ??? ????????? ????????? ???? ???, ????? ?????? ???, ???? ??????? ???, ???? ?????? ? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????: ???????? ???????? (????? ???? ?????? ?????? ? ?? ???? ??? ? ???-????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????-??? ???????? ? ???? ?????? ??? ????????)? ???????? ??? ???????????? ?????????? and ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ???????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???????? ????????? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ? ?? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ??????????

? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????????? ???????? ?????????????? ??, ??? ??? ??????????? ?? ?? ??????? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ????????? ???? ???????????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ? ?????? ?????? ?????: ???? ???? ????? ? ????? ????? ???? ????? ???????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ?, ????? ???? ang ???, ??????, ??????, ?????, ??????, ???? ???????, ??????? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ????? ???????? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ????????? ???????? ???? ???? ???????????, ???? ?????, ?????-??????, ? ?????????? moughs ?????? ??????

?? ????? ???? ? ??? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????, ??????? ????? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ????? ??? ?, ??? ?????? ??? ??????? ???? ??????? ???????????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ???????, ?????? ?????????? ???? ??? ????, ??? ???????? ?? ????? ? ???? ??????????? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ???????????? ?????????? ???????????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????, ???? ????????? ???????????? ??????? ?? ????????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??????

Long ?????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ???? ???????, ???????? ?? ???????? ? ?????? ????????? ????? ?????? ????????? ????????? ???????? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ?? grans ????? ????, ?????? ?????, ??????, ? ????? ????????? ??? ??? ????? ????????? ???????? ????????? ?? ???????? ???? ??????? ????????? ?????? ??????????? ?????? ??????? ?????, ???? ????????? ??????? ? ???????? ?????????? ????????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ? ????? ??????? ???????????

9 ???? ???????????? ?????, ?? ?? ???????? ???????, ????? ???????, ???? ???????, ????? ?? ???????? ??????????? ???? ??????????? ???????? ???? ?????? ? ? ????? ??????, ??? ? ?????????? ????? ?????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ??