1. ??? ??

(1) ??? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ??? ????? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ??. ?? ?????? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ?? ??-???? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ?????.

????? ????: - ???? ????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ???? ???. ????? ??? ?????, ???? ??????? ??? ???? ????.

(2) ????-??? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ??? ????? ???, ?? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ??? ??? ?? ????-??? ??? ?????. ???? ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ??? ??? ????? ??? ?? ???????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ?????. ????? ??????: - ??????? ????? ??? ??? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ??. ?????? ?????, ????? ????? ??? ?????? ???. ????, ?? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ??? ?? ??? ????? ??? ?? ??? ????.

(3) ????? ?? (???) ???? ??? ????? ????? ??? ??? ?????, ?? ??? ??? ??? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? (??? ??? ?????). ???? ??? ?? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????. ??? ?????? ?? ????? ?????, ??? ????? ??, ??? ????? ??, ?? ???? ???? ??? ??? ?????. ??? ???????? ??? ??? ???????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ??? ???? ?????. ????? ??????: - ????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?? ???? ???? ????? ??? ??.

2. ???? ??? ??

(1) ??? ??????? ??? ??? ??? ?? (???, ???, ??? ????? ?????, ????, ??? (??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ????). ???? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ??? ??? ?????, ??? ??? en ? ?? ???? ??????. ????? ??? ?? ??? ????: ?. ???? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ????, ?. ??? ?????? ???? ???, ??? ??? ???? ??? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ????, ??? ??? ??? ???? ???? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ??? ????? ?? ????? ????, ?. ????? ???? ??? ????? ????? ??? ????, ?? ??? ????? ???? ????, ?. ????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????.

(2) ?????? ?? ???? ? / ?? ?? ????? ???? ????? ?? ?????, ????????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ??. ????? ??? ??? (?????? ????) ???? ????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ????? ???? ??? ??? ????? ?????. ????? ??? ??? ??? ?? ?? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ??. ??????? ?????, ???? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ???????? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ????. ????? ????-?????? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ?????, ????? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ??? 2-3 ??? ???? ??? ??? ????, ????? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ?????, ????? ???, ???? ???, ??? ???, ???? ?????, ??? ??????? ????. ????? ???? ??? ????? ?? ?? ??? ????? ???? ????. ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ????.

(3) ???? ??? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ????? ????? ?????. ?? ???? ???? ??? ?? ????? ?? ???????? ??? ??? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ??. ????? ????-?????? ??? ???? ?????, jt eth ????? ??? ??? ??? ????? ????, ???? ????? ???, ????, ???? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ???????? ?? ????? ?????.

(4) ??????????? ??-???? ???????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ?? ??? ??? ???. ???? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?????????? ????? ? AODE ?? ?????. ???? ??? ?? ??? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??? ??? ??? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ????? ?????. ??? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ?????. ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??????????? ?? ???? ??? ?? ????? ??? ?? ??? ????.

3. ???? ?? ???? ??

1. ???? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ??? ??????, ???? ???? ???? ?????, ???? ???? ???? ????? ?????. ????? ????????? ??? ???? ??? ????. ???? ??? ??? ??? ???? ??? ??? ????? ???? ????? ??? ??? ??? ???? ??????, ?? ?? ???? ??? ??? ????.

2. Heavy hammer tamping method Heavy hammer tamping is to use the large tamping energy generated by the free fall of the heavy hammer to compact the shallow foundation, so that a relatively uniform hard shell layer is formed on the surface, and a certain thickness of the bearing layer is obtained. ????? ?? ?? ???? ???? ????? ???, ?????? ????? ???, ????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ?? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ?????. ??? ????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ??? ?? ???? ??? ??? ????? ??? ?? ?? ??? ????, ????? ????? ??? ????? ??? ????? ??? ????? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ????. ???? ???? ??? ??? ???? ???? ???? ????? ????, ????? ?? ?? ??? ???????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ????. ????? ???? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ???? ??? ???? ??? ???? ???? ????, ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ????? ??? 1 ???? ???? ?? ??? ??? ?? ?? ???? ??? ???? ????.

3. ???? ????? ???? ???? ???? ??. ????? ?? ???? ???? ?????, ??? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ?????. ?????? ????? ??? ???????, ??? ????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ???? ????? ?? ???????? ????? ????. ????? ??? ???????? ?? -1) ???? 2) ????? ?????? ???? ?????; 3) ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ????; 4) ??? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ???; 5) ?? ??? ????. 6) ???? ?? ??????; 7) ?????? ? SURD ??? ????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ?? ???? ?? ??? ??????. ??????, ???? ????? ????? ????? ???, ???? ?? ???????? ???? ?? ???????? ????? ? 400 ?.?. ??? ?? ???? ??? ?? ????? ???? ???? ????.

4. ????? ??

1. ???????? ????? ?? ?? ????? ????? ????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ???? ????? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ???? ???? ???? ???? ???? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ?????. ?????? ??? ????? ???? ????? ??? ?? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ?? ???? ??? ??? ???? ????.

????? ???: (1) ????? ???? ??? ???? ?? ???? ????? ????; (2) ????? ??????? ???? ??? ?? ?? ???? ??? ??? ?? ????? ??; (3) ????? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ??? 30 ??? 50 ?.? ??? ??? ???? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ??? ???? ????? ?? ?? ??? ?? ???? ?? ???. ??? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ??????? ????? ? 1 ??? 2 ?? ????. (4) ???? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ????, ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ???. ?????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ????. (5) ????? ????? ????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ??? ??? ????? ? CAIL ???? ??????? ????, ??? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ?? ??? ????? ????. (6) ???? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ?????, ????? ?? ???? ??? ??? ???? ????. ????? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ?? ???? ?????. (7) ???? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ????? ???? ???? ????. ????? ????? ??? ??? ??? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ??? ????? ????? ?? ??? ????. ?????? ??? ??? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ?? ????? ??? ?? ??? ????. (8) ?????? ???? ??? ?? ??? ? 1 ??? ???? ???, ??? ??????, ???? ???? (???? ??? ????), ???.

2. ?????? ????? (??? ???, ?????? ??? ????, ? org ???? ????, ? org ???? ????, ? org ???? ????, ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ????.

3. ?????? ??? ???? (??? ????? ??? (??? ????) ?? ???? ?? ???? (?????) ??? (??? ????) ?? ??? ????? ??? (????? ??? ????) ????? ????.

5. ??? ?????

1. ???? ??? ??? ???? ?? (???? ??? ??????? jet ??) ???? ???? ??? ???????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ????? ?? ???? ??? ???????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ?? ???? ???? ??? ?????. ????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ??? (???) ??? ????. ?? ?? ??? ????? ????? ??? ???-???? ???? ????? ?????? ????.

2. ??? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ??????. ???? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ??? (? Commons Clever) ?? ????? (??? ??? ???) ???? ????? ?? ??? ???? ??? (???) ???? ??? (???) ???? ???? ?????. ????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ????? ????? (????) ????? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ???????? ?? ??. ????? ??? ??? ????, ??????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ????? ????? ??? ??? (???) ?? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ???. ????? ???: - ???? ??????? ??????? ③ ?????? ????? ③ ?????? ?? ????? ⑧ ????? ??? ?? ?????? ⑧ ????? ??? ?? ????? ⑧, ????? ?? ????? ? 0.65-1.0m / ???, ????? ??? ?? ????? ????. CAIS CAPE ?????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ?? ???? ????? ???.
6. ??????? ??

(1) Gosyntentics Gosyntentics ??? ??????? ?????? ???? ??. ?? ??? ?????, ???? ????, ????, ??? ?? ??, ??? ?? ????? ????? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ????? ?? ?????, ???? ???? ???? ????? ??? ?????. ???????? ????????, ??????????, ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ???????? ???? ????.

(2) ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????, ????? ?????, ?? ??? ????????? ?? ????? ???? ????, ???? ??? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?????. ???? ???? ???? ???? ?? ??? ?? ??????. ????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ?????. ???? ???? ???? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ?????. ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????. ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ??????, ???? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ????. ???? ????? ???????? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ???, ???? ??? ?? ???? ?? ??? ??? ??? ???? ????? ???? ??? ???? ???.

(3) ?????? ???? ??? ???? ????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ??. ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??. ??????, ????, ????? ???? ??? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ????, ??? ????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ????? ??? ??? ??? ???? ???? ????? ?? ???. ???????? ????, ??? ?????, ???.
7. ???? ??

???? ???, ???????? ??? ??? ???????? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ???? ???, ??????? ??? ??? ???????? ????? ????. ??? ??????, ? Centsen romire, ? Centy Smary Slury, Likeethain, ???? ????, ????? ???, ???-?????, ???? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ????. ???? ??? ???? ??????? ?????, ????? ??? ??? ?????, ?????, ?????, ?????, ?????, ????? ????. ????? ?? ??? ???, ?????, ????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ???????? ???.

8. ?????? ??? ????? ??? ?? ???? ?????

1. ???? ???? ???? ??? ???? ??? ???? ????, ??? ??? ???? ??? ??. ?????? ???? ?? ??? ????? ??? ???? ????, ???? ???, ???? ????, ????? ???, ????? ???, ??? ???? ?? ??. ????? ??? ???? ????? ???????? ?? ??? ??? ???. ???? ??? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??????- (1) ???? ????? ???? ???, ?? ????? ??? ??? ??? ? 17 ????? ??? ??. ???? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ???, ??? ????? ??, ????? ???? ? contains ?, ?? ? 40% ????? ???? ??? ??? ???, ???????? ?? ? 80% ??? ??? ????. ????? ???? ?????? 1.0-20.0 ??, ? 1.0-1..5 ? 1.0-1..5 ???? ???? ???? ??? ??? ?? ? 1.5 ????? ????? ???? ????. ????? ???? ???, ????? ?? ??? ?? ????? ???? ???, ????? ????? ???? ????? - ???? ????, ???? ?????, ???? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ????. (2) ????? ????? ???? ????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ??, ??? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ? 70 ?.?. ?????, ?? ?????? ???? 20 ?.?. ?? ???. ???? ??? ????? ????, ???? ?????? ???, ??? ????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ??. ???? ??? ??? ????? ??. ????? ??? ? 0.5 MPA-1 ??? ??, ?? ????? 45 MPA-1 ?? ???? ????. ????? ??? ??? 0.35-0.75 ??? ??. ????? ?????, ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ??? ??? ????? ???, ?? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ??? ??? ????. ??? ????? ???????? ??? ?????? ? 10-5-10 ??? 8 ?.?. ??????? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ??, ???? ???? ???? ?????, ?? ????? ????? ???? ??, ?? ????? ???? ??? ???? ?????. ?? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ?? ????? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ??. (3) ??????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ?? ???? ???? ???? ???, ??? ??? ????? ???????? ??? ??, ????? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ??; ?? ???? ?????, ??????? ?? ???? ? ??? ????? ???. ????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ??, ??? ??, ?????? ???, ??? ?????.

2. ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ????. ?? ????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ???? ???? ?? ???? ???????? ?????? ??. ???? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ??-????? ??? ???, ???? ??? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ???. ????? ???? ???????? ?? ???? ??? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ??????, ????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ???. ?? ?? ???? ?? ?? ????? ???????? ????, ????? ????, ????? ?????, ?????? ???? ?? ??? ????. ???? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?????.

3. ???? ??? ??? ???. ???? ???? ??? ???? ????? ????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ???. ???-???? ??? (????? ???) ????? ???? ??? ??? ????? ??? ??? ????? ??? ??. ????? ??? ????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ???? ???? ???? ????. ??? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ????? ?? ??. ???? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ???. (1) ??????? ????? ?????. ???? ??? ?????, ????? ????? ????? ???????. ????? ????? ??? ?? ???. ?????? ??, ????? ???? ??? ???? ??? ??. (2) ????? ??? ????? ?? ??? ???????? ???? ??, ???? ??? ?????, ?? ?????? ??? ??? ??. ???? ???? ???, ???? ????? ????? ??? ???, ?? ??? ??? ????? ??? ????. ??? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ??. ???? ????? ?????, ?? ??? ??? ????? ??? ??? ??? ??. (3) ????? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??. ?? ????? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ??. ???? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ???????? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ?? ??? ?????. ??? ??????? ????? ?????? ????, ????, ???? ????? ????? ?? ??? ???? ??? ???????.

4. ???? ???? ??? ???? ???? ???? ??? ??? ?? ???? ???? ???? ?? ????? ??? ?? ???? ???? ???. ??? ????? ??? (???? ??????, ????? ????, ???.) ?????, ???? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ???. ?? ????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ???-?????? ???? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?? ???? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ??. ???? ???? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ??. ????? ????? ???? ????? ???, Vioboatter ??, ???.

5. ?????? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ????? ????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ???????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ?? ?? ????? ???? ????. ???? ???? ???, ??? ???? ???, ????? ??? ?? ????? ??? ???? ???? ???????. (??? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ??????. ????? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ???. ?????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ????????? ??? ??? ????? ??.

6. ?? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ?????????? ??? ?????? ?????????? ??. ?? ?????? ?? ?? ?????? ?? ?? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ?????. ?? ????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ?? ??? ??? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ??????. ?? ?? ??? ???? ??? ???? ?????, ??? ??????, ??, ?????, ???, ???, ????, ???, ???, ???? ?? ??? ????. ?? ?? ??? ?? ???? ???? ??. ?????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ??? ??? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ???, ???? ????, ????-?????, ?? ??????? ??????? ?????.

7. ??? ????? ????? ???????? ??? ????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?????. ????? ??? ??? ????? ??? ???????, ??? ?????. ???? ??????? ????? ???. ????? ?????? ??? ???, ???? ??? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ???? ??? ??? ??? ??. ????? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ??? ??? ???? ??????? ???????? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ?????.

8. ??? ??? ????? ????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ??? ???????? ?????? ??? ???????? ?????? ??, ????? ???????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ??. ????? ????? ?? ???????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ????, ?? ????? ???? ??? ???? ?????, ???? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ????? ??? ????. ??? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ??????. ???? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ????? ???? ????, ?? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ????.

9. ??? ??? ??? ????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ??, ???, ????, ??, ?????, ??? ????? ?? ????? ???. ??? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ????? ??? ???? ????? ????, ???? ?? ????? ??? ????? ???. ???? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ????? ????.